Investigations of a fundamental and/or applied nature, intended to develop design techniques, research techniques, initiative, and self-reliance. For the project option, after three credits, a written project report has to be completed and approved by the student's graduate committee. For the thesis option, after six credits, a written thesis must be completed in accordance with the rules of the Graduate School and the College of Engineering. Admission to the course is based on a formal project/thesis proposal endorsed by the student's graduate committee and submitted to the ECE Graduate Program Director.