Genome structure, hybridization, and genetic differentiation through time in Callophrys elfin butterflies
Advisor: Genevieve Kozak
Committee Member: Dr. Robert Drew, Dr. Robert Gegear and Dr. Rachael Bonoan (Providence College)
Abstract: Callophrys elfin butterflies are some of the earliest butterflies to emerge in the spring in North America and many elfin species co-occur in isolated pine barrens. Despite a high risk of decline due to anthropogenic habitat disturbance and warmer spring temperatures, limited genomic resources are available for conducting population and conservation genetic studies in this group. This dissertation work describes a new reference genome for Callophrys niphon, the eastern pine elfin, and uses this genome as a reference for aligning short-read sequencing from multiple species of elfin. These genome-wide data were used to investigate gene flow and hybridization among Callophrys elfins due to their high degree of range overlap and found evidence of historical introgression. Genetic variation was also quantified within C. niphon and candidate genes associated with emergence timing or under balancing selection were identified. This research suggests a complex history of gene flow among Callophrys elfins and provides preliminary evidence for genetic variation in C. niphon that could be useful in adapting to future environmental change. This genomic work will provide the basis for future genetic and epigenetic studies of these species to clarify the role of introgression in their evolution and improve our understanding of the factors that regulate life history and lead to divergence in elfins.
CCB 340
Genevieve Kozak
508 999-9149
gkozak@umassd.edu